因老年人并存疾病多,重要器官代偿能力低下,所以一旦明确诊断,应积极加强术前准备。包括纠正低血压及生理功能紊乱,维护重要器官功能等措施,但术前准备应尽量争取在发病后48小时内完成,不能因此而延误手术时机。手术方式以胆囊切除为首选,胆囊造瘘仅在患者不能耐受胆囊切除或其他原因不能切除胆囊时作为抢救之用。最近有报道采用B超引导下经皮胆囊穿刺造瘘[7]及内窥镜下经十二指肠乳头行胆囊造瘘[8]治疗AAC,其优点在于创伤小、不需剖腹,但因不能探查腹内情况而有延误病情之虞,所以尚未能普遍使用。手术中应常规给氧及心电监护,尽量维持血压在正常范围。术后除针对胆囊切除的医护外,还应对原有并存疾病与并发症进行有效的监护,同时应加强支持与抗感染治疗。
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